Lock.



A. LEONARD.

Patented Sept. 14, 1909.

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LOCK. APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 1e, 190s.

'Patented sept. 14, 1909.

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/7'NESSES A. LEONARD.

LOCK.

APPLIOATIQN FILED JUNE 1s, 190s.

934,193. Patentea'sept. 14,1909.

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ALBERT LEONARD, OF ASHLAND, WISCONSIN.

LOCK.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Sept. 14, 1909.

Application filed June 1S, 1908. Serial No. 439,100.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT LEONARD, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Ashland, in the county of Ashland and State of lVisconsin, have invented a new and mproved Lock, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to locks such as used on doors, windows, drawers, and in similar places.

The object of the invention is to produce a lock which can be operated without a key, and which will 'be of simple construction.

The lock is specifically a combination lock, and in its construction it comprises a number of pins or plungers which must be placed in a certain set position before the lock can be opened.

The invention consists in the construction and combination of parts to be more fully described hereinafter and particularly set forth in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification in which similar Acharacters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a front elevation of the lock; Fig. 2 is a rear elevation of the lock; Fig. 3 is an elevation showing the inner mechanism of the lock as if the cover plate at the rear were removed, this view shows the lock with the bolt extended, that is, it shows the mechanism in the relation existing when the door is locked; Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3, but showing the parts in the unlocked position; Fig. 5 is a cross section through the lock taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 3; Fig. 6 is a vertical section through the lock taken on the line 6 6 of Fig. 3; Fig. 7 is an end view showing part of the inner mechanism of the lock; and Fig. 8 is a side elevation of a sliding frame which operates to set the lock in a released position so that its bolt may be extended or withdrawn.

Referring more particularly to the parts, and especially to Figs. 3 to 6, 1 represents the case of the lock, which has the form of a box, as shown, adapted to be set in the edge of a door in the usual manner. This case is of rectangular form, its longitudinal axis being disposed vertically, as indicated. On the forward wall or escutcheon 2 of the case which is on the outside of the door, a slide plate, or slide 3 is mounted. This slide plate is of substantially the same width as the case and is adapted to slide longitudinally therein. To the upper end of the slide 3, a cam plate 4 is attached, which plate has an inclined slot 5 .which engages a pin 6 carried on the face of the bolt 7. This bolt is formed on its face with a tongue 8, as indicated in Fig. 6, which runs in a horizontal guide groove 9 formed in the inner side of the escutcheon. As illustrated in Fig. 3, the slide 3 is shown in its elevated position, at which time the inclined slot 5 operates to project the bolt through the side of the case. In the depressed position of the slide the bolt is in a withdrawn position, as indicated in Fig. 4.

The slide 3 is illustrated in Fig. 7. On its inner face and on its central axis, it is provided with guide heads 10 which have projecting flanges 11, and these guide heads are received in guide slots 12 formed in the rear face of the escutcheon. At the sides of these guide grooves 12, keeper plates 13 are attached, which project over the flanges 11 and hold the slide in position. On t-he side of the slide 3 which is toward the interior of the case, a plurality of tubular guides 14 are provided, and in these guides, pins 15 are mounted to slide, as shown. There are ten of these pins `illustrated, arranged in two rows, live pins being in each row. These pins are of two kinds or sets, the kind indicated speciically by the reference numeral 15a are working pins, while the pins indicated by the reference numeral 15b are blank pins. The pins 15a project through the slide 3 and their butt ends are normally received in pockets or recesses 16 formed in the inner face of the escutcheon. As indicated most clearly in Fig. G, the guide tubes 14 are formed with oppositely disposed slots 17, and transverse pins or triggers 18 are rigidly xed in the pins and run in the slots 17. About the bodies of the tubes or tubular guides 14, helical springs 19 are provided, which thrust against the triggers 18 and tend to hold the pins with their butt ends in the recesses 16, as will be readily understood. The butt ends of the pins 15a are formed with rounded sockets 20 and these sockets are adapted to receive setting studs 21 which pass through the escutcheon, as indicated. These setting studs are formed with enlarged heads 22 which project through the outer wall of a stud case or stud boX 23, as indilli) butt ends are substantially Hush with the inner face of the escutcheon. It may facilitate the disclosure `of the invention to state at this time that the pins operate to lock the slide 'to the case normally so as to prevent the lock from being opened. If the pins a are advanced by the studs, they will free the slide from the case. so that it may be moved. The pins 15b are blankpins, that is, they Y have not the function of assisting in locking the slide to the case. The inner lends of the pins 15a project over lthe tubular guides or tubes 14, and are formed with catches 27 presenting inclined faces 28 respectively, as shown. Each catch is formed with -a notch 29 for purpose to appear more fully hereinafter. rThe blank pins 15b simply present inclined faces 30 at their inner ends and have l no catches. These pins 15b are, however, y pressed by springs 31 which are similar to the springs 19, Vand arranged about their tubular guides, `and these springs 31 thrust against triggers 32 which are formed with pins like the pins 18, but these triggers 32 do not project as far as the triggers 18. If any blank pin is pressed after sonie of the pins ofthecoinbination are set, it will release all the pins which have -been set by the action of lits inclined face 3() which will raise the 1detent lbar.

Near the side edges of the slide 3, ears 33 are provided 'which affordnieans for mounting pivotal detent plates These detent plates have arms 35 at their ends which are pivota'lly attached to the ears 33, as indicated. The bodies lof these detents are disposed in a substantially vertical position and extend transversely of the case, as indicated in Figs. 3 and 4. Their lower edges are bevn eled and normally rest aoains't the inclined faces 28 of the pins 15a. n the upper edges the Y ldetents 34 are provided with` fingers 36 Vwhich project laterally, as indicated. It should be understood that if the pins 15aare advanced by their plungers 21 as suggested above, the notches 29 will come under the detent plates 34 so that the detent plates will hold the ends in this withdrawn position. In this posit-ion of the pins the slide 3 may advance.

I provide means for releasing all of the pins 15EL :simultaneously from their withdrawn position when'desi-red, and I also prcvide means for withdrawing and *simultane-` ously locking all of these pins in their withdrawn position. For this purpose, onV the slide 3 there is provided a releasing frame 38, which comprises side plates 39, the edges whereof have a tongue and groove connection at 40 with the side edges of the slide 3.j

The side plates 39-are cut so as to present two inclined edges V41, as shown in Fig. 8,

and the side plates 39 are connected by trans-v verse releasing bars 42, as indicated most vclearly in` Fig. 6. Onexof these releasing bars is provided with a stem 43 which projects through the cover or cover plate 44 of the case and is formed with a-thumb head 45.

The stem 443 passes through a slot 46 formed vertically in the cover plate, as shown. ByY 'means of the thumb head 45 the setting and c releasing frame 38 maybe slid `up or down. f

Then it is slid upwardly, the releasing bars 42 will strike the fingers -36 `so as to raise the detent plates 34 clear ofeth'e notchesV of the pins. In this wayrthe frame 38 may release all of the pins 15a simultaneously. V

In order to enable this frame towithdraw all of the pins 15a to lock theni in their withdrawn position, I provide'transversely dis-N posed setting bars 47 which lie closeV against the face of the Vescutcheon and engage under the projectingends of the triggers 18, as indicated in Fig. 6. The ends of these setting bars 47 are formed into cross 'heads 48 which are guided on ,guide pins 49 Vat the sides ofthe case, as shown. These cross heads are formed with inclined shoulders 50 which engage over the inclined edges 41, as will be readily understood. From this arrangemeiit, when the frame 38 is" forced downwardly the cross heads V48fride1up on the inclined edges 41,L and the bars 47draw the triggers and the pins outwardly so'that when they are moved outwardly suflciently, the detent plates engage the notches l29b'y the action of gravity.

It should be understood that when the #pins 15a are all locked in their withdrawn position, the slide 3 may be 'moved `upfgand down Y so as -to advance vor withdraw the 'bolt 7'; ln

` order to ni'ove the slide in this manner, the

lower edge of the slide is providedevith a slot 51, the under side' ofV the sflot being formed fby a horizontally projecting tongue 52, as indicated. ward the right so that at the rig-ht of` the slot an opening or throat is formed :atk vthe lower'I edge of the slide. xl ust belowfthe lThis tongue projects toL J throat 53, a transversely disposed stern54is y provided, which projects through both sides ofthe case, and is provided oneac'h'side with a thumb head 55 for rotating the saine. Nithin the case the stem is provided with a bit 56 which 'consists of a radially disposed arm having a laterally projecting finger V57 formed at the extremity thereof. This -iinger 57 iscut away on its under side adjacent to the tongue 52 so that a toe 58 is formed mally holds it adapted to run in the slot 51, and between the toe 58 and the end of the arm 56, a slot 59 is formed, which is adapted to receive the tongue 52, as illustrated in Fig. 4. At the upper edge oi the slot 51, and over the throat a detent cam 60 is pivotally mounted at 61. This cam is provided with a laterally projecting tail 62 which constitutes a counter-weight which tends to hold the edge of the cam against a stop pin 63. Tn this way the cam is made to present a rounded nose 64 which projects just below the upper edge of the slot- 51. Supposing that the lock is in its unlocked condition, by rotating the stem 54 toward the right, as viewed in Fig. 4, the toe will travel along the slot 51 and raise the slide 3. After sufiicient rotation has taken place, the toe 53 will pass beyond the projecting nose 64 and come into the position shown in Fig. 3. The parts of the lock will then have the relation shown in F 3. 1n the opposite movement ot' the stem 54 to unlock the lock, as the toe 58 advances it will ride under the projecting nose 64 and raise the slide 3 slightly. This raising movement will bring the tongue 52 into alinement with the opening or slot 59 formed in the nger 57. 1n this way the tongue is guided clear of the arm 56 and does not oilier any obstruction to the opening movement. As the arm 56 rotates, the toe 58 will descend and will permit the slide 3 to descend by gravity until the parts come again into the position in which they are shown in Fig.

Tn the lower part ot the lock, a latch bolt 65 is guided transversely ot' the case and so that its beveled nose 66 may project from the case in the usual manner. This latch bolt is constrained toward its extended position by a spring 67, as indicated in Fig. 3. At a suitable point a latch spindle 68 is formed, which extends through the case and is provided vvith knobs 69 ior rotating the spindle. The spindle is provided with bits 76 which engage a cross head 71 on the rear end of the latch bolt. This cross head presents faces which lie against the sides of the bits 70, and from this arrangement it will be evident that when the spindle is rotated in either direction, one of the bits 76 will engage the cross head so as 'to withdraw the bolt.

The cover 44 of the lock, which is on the inner side of the door, is provided with a lid or shutter 72 which is connected by a hinge connection 72l at the upper edge thereof, so that it may swing outwardly. On the inner side of this lid 72, a latch 73 is attached pivotally at 74 so that it hangs down, as shown, the lower end of this latch has a laterally projecting finger 75 which projects across the slot 46 and into the path of the stem 43, so as to prevent the frame 38 from being slid up and down when desired. A spring 76 is placed at a point which norover against the stem, as shown, and on the side of the latch, a pin 77 is provided which projects through a small slot 78 in the lid. From this arrangement,

'by taking hold of the pin 77 the latch may be pushed to one side so as to release the trame 38, and enable it to be drawn downwardly. 1t should be understood, however, that the normal position of the latch 73 is that in which it is shown in Fig. 2.

The mode of operation of the lock will now be described: A person desiring to pass inwardly must depress the proper studs 21, and the outer heads of these studs are provided with numbers, one to zero, as shown, so as to permit of the use of a certain combination. The inclined faces 28 of the catches have different elevations at the notches 29. 1n other words certain of the catches are higher than others, and from this arrangement it is necessary that the studs be pressed in a certain order. This follows because if after a detent has engaged a catch which is not deep, a pin having a deep catch is then pressed it will be disengaged from the detent already in engagement. 1n this way it is not only necessary to set the proper combination, but it is essential that the pins be set in a certain order. 1t should be understood, however, that the combination remains iiXed. That is, the lock is not a permutation lock. l/Vhen the proper studs have been pressed, as described the pins 15a will be locked with their butt ends withdrawn from the recesses 16 in the escutcheon, and the slide 3 is then unlocked and free to slide. The thumb head 55 on the outer side of the door is then rotated in a proper direction so as to draw down the slide which withdraws the bolt. As the slide reaches the limit of its downward movement, the fingers 36 strike the releasing bars 42 of the frame 38, and the pins will all be released and ready to be advanced by their springs into the recesses 16. From this arrangement it follows that as soon as the slide is moved up to its locking position, it will not only project the bolt 7 into its extended position, as indicated in Fig. 3, but the pins 15EL will all spring into engagement with the escutcheon and lock the slide again against movement. Tn this way 1 utilize the latter part of the unlocking movement to release all the pins so that they can lock the slide immediately that it is returned to its normal position. 1f it is desired Yto set the lock so that the slide will be released from the escutcheon, this is accomplished by drawing` the latch 73 to one side and forcing the frame 38 downwardly by means of the thumb head 45. Moving this frame as suggested, will lock all of the pins 15a in their withdrawn position, and the slide may then be moved up to its locking position. From an inspect-ion of Fig. 2, it will be apparent that when the frame 38 is moved downwardly in this-way, the stem 43 will lie in the lower end of the slot 46, and will lie in the path of the lower end of the latch so as to prevent the latch from returning, but when the slide is moved upwardly, the stem 43 will pass above the laterally 'projecting part of the latch so that on the next downward movement of the slide the pins will all release themselves again. While the blank pins have no function in unlocking the slide, they may operate by reason 0f their inclined inner ends to displace the detent plates upwardly and release the pins that have been already set.

Having thus described my invention, l

claimY as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent,-

l. In a lock, in combination, a case, a slide mounted therein, a bolt adapted to be actuated by said slide, a plurality of pins carried by said slide and projecting therefrom at their butt ends, said case having pockets normally receiving the butt ends of said pins toV lock said slide thereto, means for advancing said pins and releasing the same fi'oin said pockets, means for locking said pins in their advanced position, and means for actuating said slide.

2. In a lock, in combination, a case, a slide therein, a plurality of pins mounted in said slide and projecting therefrom at their butt ends, said case having means for engaging said butt ends to lock said slide thereto, means for advancing said pins to disengage them from said case, means for locking said pins in an Vadvanced position, means for moving said last means so as to release all of said pins simultaneously, a boltY actuated by said slide, and means for actuating said slide. v.

3. In a lock, in combination, a case, a slide movably mounted therein, a plurality of pins slidably mounted on said slide and normally engaging' said case to lock said slide thereto, means for advancing said pins individually to permit said slide to move, said pins being'disposed in a row, a detent bar normally engaging said pins,.ineans whereby said detent bai' may hold said pins in their advanced position to release said slide, a bolt actuated by said slide, and means for actuating said slide.

Ll. ln a lock, in combination, a case, a slide inovably mounted therein, a plurality of pins slidably-mouiited in said slide and noi'- inally engaging said case to lock said slide thereto, means for advancing said pins individually to permit said slide to move, said pins being disposed in a row, a detent bar normally engaging said pins, means where-- by said detent bai' may hold said pins vin their advanced position to release said slide, a bolt actuated by said slide, means for actuating said slide, and means for moving pins simulpins individually to release said slide, means for actuating said slide when released,a bolt actuated by said slide, and means for advancing said pins collectively in' unison whereby said pins may be locked simultaneously in their releasing` position for said,V

slide.

G. In a lock, Vin combination, a case, a slide moving therein, a row of pinsguided in said slide and normally locking the same to saidV case, said pins having catches formedY thereupon, a laterally moving detent bar normally engaging said pins adjacent to said catches, means for advancing said pins indi-V vidually to be locked by said detentfbar, means for advancing said slide, a bolt actuated by said slide, and meansforomoving said detent bar to disengage said pins therefrom.V A V 7. In a lock, in combination, a case, a

slide mounted'therein, a plurality of pins?.V guided in said slide and normally locking said slide against movement, said pins having catches formed thereupon, said pinsbeing disposed in a row, a pivotally mounted detent bar normally resting against said pins near said catches, said detent bar beingV adapted to engage said catches when said pins are advanced individually and affording means for holding the said pins ina position to release said slide, means for ad-.

ico

vancing said slide, and a bolt'actuated byV 'i said slide. Y

8. In a lock, in combination, a case, a slide moving thereinV a plurality of ins 105 guided in said slide and normally lockingthe same against movement, means for advancing said pins individually to release said slide, said pins being disposed in a row andV having catches presenting inclined faces having ditterent elevations, a transversely disposed movable detent bar resting against` said inclined faces adjacent to said catches and adapted to engage said pins to detain the same when advanced, ineansfor advancing said slide, a Vbolt avdapted to be with- 'drawn when said slide advances, and means for displacing said detent -bar to release said iio 1 pins when said slide moves to unlock and withdraw said bolt. f

9. In a lock, in combination, a case, a slide inovably mounted therein, afpluralit-y of pins guided in said slide andV normally locking the same against movement, means for advancing said lpinsindividually to reand a member adapted to engage said first 12.5 lease said slide, a member adapted to engage seams member and atfording means for releasing all of said pins when the slide moves `to unlock said bolt.

10. In a lock, in combination, a case, a slide moving therein, a plurality of pins adapted to lock said slide against movement, means :tor advancing said pins individually to release said slide, a detent bar engaging said pins and affording means for locking the same in their advanced position, a sliding member mounted on said slide, means actuated thereby for advancing said pins collectively to their releasing position, means actuated by said member for releasing` said pins simultaneously, means for advancing said slide when released, and a bolt actuated by said slide.

11. In a lock, in combination, a case, a slide movably mounted therein, a plurality of pins guided in said slide and normally engaging said case, detents normally holding said pins in their locking position for said slide, triggers carried by said pins, a settingbar engaging said triggers, means for advancing said setting bar to advance said pins, a member adapted to engage said pins to lock the same against return, means for actuating said slide, and a bolt actuated by said slide.

l2. In a lock,in combination, a case, a slide moving therein, a plurality oi' pins guided in said slide and normally locking the same to said case, means :tor advancing said pins individually to their releasing position for said slide, a detent engaging said pins to lock the same against return when advanced, a moving member mounted on said slide, and means actuated thereby for advancing all of said pins simultaneously to their releasing position, said detent bar having a part disposed in the path of said moving member whereby said moving member may move said bar to release said pins simultaneously.

13. In a lock, in combination, a case, a slide moving therein, a plurality of pins guided in said slide and normally locking the same against movement, triggers carried by said pins, a setting bar engaging said triggers, means for guiding said setting bar, means for advancing said pins individually to their releasing position for said slide, a detent adapted to engage said pins to lock the same in their releasing position, a movable frame mounted on said slide affording means for actuating said setting bar to set l said pins simultaneously in their releasing position, said frame being adapted to engage said detent bar to release said pins simultaneously, means for advancing said slide, and a bolt actuated by said slide.

14. In a lock, in combination, a case, a slide movably mounted therein, a plurality or' pins guided in said slide and normally locking the same against movement, means for advancing said .pins individually, said pins having catches, a detent bar adapted to engage said catches to lock said pins against movement when advanced, triggers carried by said pins, a setting bar engaging said triggers, means for guiding said setting bar substantially parallel with said pins, a frame sliding on said slide having an inclined edge engaging said setting bar for advancing the same, said detent bar having a member projecting into the path of said frame whereby said frame may release said pins simultaneously, means for advancing said slide when released, and a bolt actuated by said slide.

15. In a lock, in combination, a case, a slide moving therein, a plurality of pins guided in said slide and having catches, means for advancing said pins individually, detent means for locking said pins in their advanced position to release said slide, a plurality of blank pins normally held in a releasing position for said slide, means 'for advancing said blank pins, and means for returning said blank pins to their normal position, said blank pins afording means to release said first pins.

16. In a lock, in combination, a case, a slide moving therein, a plurality of pins guided in said slide and. having catches, means for advancing said pins individually, means for locking said pins in their' advanced position to release said slide, a plurality of blank pins normally held in a releasing position for said slide, and means for advancing said blank pins, said blank pins having their inner ends disposed adja cent to said locking means for said first pins whereby said blank pins may release said irst pins.

In testimony whereoic I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ALBERT LEONARD.

7i tnesses A. B. NOBLE, A. J. I-IUo'r'rn. 

